A trip to Uzbekistan wouldn’t be complete without spending a few days in Central Asia’s holiest city — Bukhara (or Buxoro). This UNESCO World Heritage Site sits between Khiva and Samarkand, offering over 150 monuments that showcase its rich history. The city has remained largely unchanged over the last 200 years and was once the center of culture, scholarship, trade, and religion during the Silk Road era. Bukhara’s modest charm contrasts with the well-restored splendor of Khiva and Samarkand. Many ancient buildings date back to its time as a major Silk Road hub, including caravanserais that catered to merchants. While not all historical buildings are well-maintained, Soviet renovations were subtle, preserving an authentic and raw feel. You can wander through narrow alleyways and discover the ruins of mosques and madrasahs at every turn. For history enthusiasts, there are countless things to do in Bukhara.
Get ready for bustling bazaars and ancient streets that have witnessed the likes of Alexander the Great and Genghis Khan. Bukhara is Uzbekistan’s shopping mecca, with hand-woven textiles and other handmade goods around every corner. With so many things to do in Bukhara, a two-day trip to this historic city is a must on your Uzbekistan itinerary! This comprehensive Bukhara travel guide will walk you through the very best attractions, how to get there, where to stay, and everything else you need to plan the perfect trip.
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Quick Uzbekistan Trip Planning Essentials
VISA
Uzbekistan introduced FREE VISAS ON ARRIVAL or e-visa for most nationalities (30 days). Check the visa requirements on ivisa.com for your nationality before you go.
TRAVEL INSURANCE
Heymondo is our top recommendation for comprehensive and trustworthy coverage for Uzbekistan. Get 5% OFF through our link.
FLIGHTS
Discover the best flight deals to Uzbekistan on Skyscanner, and check for flights to Tashkent (the capital).
INTERNET
Airalo eSIM lets you stay connected as soon as you arrive at your destination. Use promo code NEWTOAIRALO15 for 15% off any eSIM (for new Airalo users only).
ACCOMMODATION
TOP PICK ($$) Komil Bukhara Boutique Hotel ; Cozy Guesthouse ($) Rumi ; Mid-Range ($$) Old Bukhara Boutique ; High-End ($$$) Boutique Hotel Minzifa
TRANSPORT
The easiest way to travel around Uzbekistan is by railway. During high season it’s advisable to book your train tickets online upfront.
CURRENCY
The official currency is Uzbekistani Som (UZS). Check the Xe.com app for current exchange rates. Current exchange rate: $1 = 12,500 UZS and €1 = 13,000 UZS.
TOURS & ATTRACTIONS
This full-day walking tour of Bukhara takes you to all the famous landmarks. For more tours and day trip excursions, check out GetYourGuide or Viator.
LANGUAGE
Basic English is spoken in major cities, but knowing basic Russian comes in handy! Recently we have been loving the Ling App to pick up some language basics.
ONLINE PRIVACY
Safeguard your online activity and digital privacy when using public Wi-Fi abroad by using ExpressVPN. Get 3 months FREE when getting a 12-month plan with our link.
A Brief History of Bukhara
Ancient Beginnings of Bukhara
Bukhara, an oasis city nestled in the heart of the desert, boasts a rich history spanning over 2000 years. This ancient city flourished as a prominent Silk Road hub in the 6th century BC, like much of Uzbekistan. Its strategic location, along with Khiva and Samarkand, attracted many invaders, including Persians, Mongols, Turks, and even Alexander the Great.
Bukhara’s Islamic Golden Age
Despite its turbulent past, Bukhara emerged as a vital Islamic center in Central Asia between the 9th and 16th centuries. By the 9th and 10th centuries AD, it had become the capital of the Samanid Empire and the cultural and religious heart of Central Asia. During this time, philosophers, poets, and scientists such as Firdausi, Rudaki, and Ibn Sina thrived here, holding esteemed positions in Persian Islamic culture comparable to Shakespeare and Newton in the West.
Invasions and Resurgence
In 1220, Genghis Khan invaded and destroyed Bukhara. However, the city saw a resurgence under Amir Timur of the Timurid Empire in 1370. The 16th century brought the Shaybanids, who established the Khanate of Bukhara, transforming the city into a bustling cultural and trade center with over 100 madrasahs, 300 mosques, and numerous bazaars and caravanserais. Many of Bukhara’s enduring monuments date back to this era.
The 18th century saw the rise of the Manghit emirs, who gradually took control and formed the Emirate of Bukhara. By the 19th century, Bukhara had fallen under Russian rule, and in 1924, Uzbekistan became part of the former USSR.
Modern-Day Bukhara
Today, the wealth that once flowed through Bukhara is evident in its remarkably well-preserved old city. While bustling bazaars have transformed into tourist stalls and the once vibrant madrasahs show signs of wear, the city retains its historical charm. Designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1993, Bukhara’s old city is renowned as a “living museum” and a significant international tourist destination. Though some parts of the old town could benefit from modern restoration, the peeling paint and cracked facades add a layer of authenticity to this museum-like city.
Things to Know Before Visiting Bukhara
Is Bukhara safe for tourists?
Bukhara is extremely safe, much like the rest of Uzbekistan. The country boasts a very low crime rate, and traveling here feels safer than in many European cities. As always, be mindful of your surroundings and keep your valuables secure, just as you would anywhere else. It’s wise to have travel insurance that covers both health and theft.
Bukhara benefits from a strong tourist police presence, making petty crimes like mugging and pickpocketing rare. The city is relatively small, and locals are thrilled to meet foreigners. You may even be approached by young Uzbek people eager to practice their English.
While in Asia, it’s generally advisable to avoid drinking tap water, and this is especially true in Bukhara. The city’s water pipes are quite old, so drinking tap water could lead to stomach issues. We always bring our GRAYL filter bottle, which uses a filtration device to purify water. This bottle traps dirt, bacteria, and parasites, ensuring the water you drink is clean and safe.
Best Time to Visit Bukhara
The best times to visit Bukhara are in spring (April to mid-June) and autumn (September to the end of October). During these seasons, you can enjoy pleasant weather and explore the city’s attractions comfortably. Summers in Bukhara can be extremely hot, with temperatures regularly reaching 40°C (104°F), while winters can be brutally cold, both times making it less enjoyable to walk around and explore.
In March, temperatures begin to rise gradually, averaging around 13°C (55°F). By mid-June, it becomes quite warm, reaching up to 34°C (93°F). September brings a welcome relief from the summer heat, with temperatures dropping to a pleasant 28°C (82°F). Our trip to Bukhara was at the beginning of October, and we found the weather to be very pleasant. It’s also a good idea to pack some long-sleeved shirts and long pants, as the temperature starts to cool down gradually during this time.
How Many Days to Spend in Bukhara
There are a lot of things to do in Bukhara, and the good news is that most attractions are compactly located in the old town. Despite the numerous sights, the city is relatively small. Initially, we overestimated the number of days needed, thinking the city was much larger. However, the main highlights are actually very close together, so you can see all the major attractions in one day.
That said, we recommend spending two full days in Bukhara to soak up the atmosphere fully. This allows you to take your time visiting all the ancient monuments and enjoying some shopping in the colorful bazaars. Additionally, consider going on a guided walking tour to ensure you don’t miss any of the beautiful sites in Bukhara and learn more about its history & significance as a Silk Road City.
How to get around Bukhara?
Bukhara is a very walkable city, and if you stay within the historic center, you can reach all the main attractions on foot. We walked almost everywhere. However, we recommend wearing comfortable footwear. To navigate around Bukhara, download maps.me, which is more reliable than Google Maps in Uzbekistan and works perfectly offline.
While most places are easily accessible on foot, a few locations, such as the Chor-Bakr Necropolis, will require a Yandex taxi ride. If you arrive by bus or train, you’ll land in the newer part of Bukhara city (Kagan). This area is a 20-minute drive from the old city center. Additionally, the ride from the station to the old city center shouldn’t cost more than 20,000 UZS. Therefore, we recommend installing the Yandex App, which allows you to order a taxi and shows rates in advance. This app will save you the hassle of bargaining for a good price and make your journey smoother.
If you’re short on time, guided city tours are an excellent option to explore the local culture and history without missing any key attractions. We highly recommend this private Bukhara City Tour, which takes you through all the must-see landmarks.
Packing Essentials for Bukhara
- Lightweight Cotton Scarves: Essential for covering up in mosques or religious sites. Keep one handy in your bag to be prepared.
- Loose Dresses and Long Skirts: Opt for breathable, flowy outfits to stay cool in the heat while dressing modestly.
- Reliable Daypack: A good daypack is crucial for daily outings. Look for a lightweight option from brands like Deuter or WANDRD if you’re bringing camera gear.
- Comfortable Walking Shoes: Go for lightweight everyday shoes or sandals like Birkenstocks. Bukhara’s streets are best enjoyed on foot, so you’ll want comfortable footwear for exploring. ( his / hers )
- Reusable Water Bottle: Staying hydrated is key. For safer drinking water, consider a GRAYL bottle.
- Action Camera: Capture all your adventures! We’ve found the GoPro Hero 10 to be a reliable choice for videos on the go.
- Camera for Photography Enthusiasts: Your phone may cover most shots, but if you’re into photography, an entry-level DSLR like the Canon EOS Rebel T7/2000D or a mirrorless camera like the Sony Alpha A6100 or Sony α6400 is worth considering.
- Universal Adapter: Since Uzbekistan has different plug types, a universal adapter is a must to keep your devices charged.
- Power Bank: A power bank is a lifesaver for long travel days when power outlets may not be available, especially during train rides or extensive sightseeing.
Where to stay in Bukhara?
We recommend staying in the historic center, near the Po-i-Kalyan Complex or Lyabi-Hauz Plaza. This way, you’ll be within walking distance of almost all the main attractions. Here are some great options:
Most Popular & Charming – Komil Bukhara Boutique Hotel
This hotel is one of the most beautifully decorated in town. Each room is uniquely adorned with traditional art & textiles, making your stay a truly unique experience. The building itself has an old & traditional feeling, and you’ll love being so close to the Old Town District. Remember to book well in advance, as it is a very popular place to stay!
High-end Boutique Hotel – Boutique Hotel Minzifa
This lovely boutique hotel has a superb location. The interior is charming, with an authentic old-town feel. Rooms feature traditional intricate arabesque designs, colorful pillows, and blankets. Guests can enjoy a beautiful shady courtyard and a wonderful breakfast. The staff is professional and friendly, ensuring a comfortable stay.
Mid-Range Boutique Guesthouse – Old Bukhara Boutique
This small boutique guesthouse has only ten rooms and is run by a lovely family. The rooms are clean, spacious, and modern, located around a beautiful Uzbek courtyard—a great place to relax after a lot of walking. The location is exceptional, right in the center of the old city. The breakfasts are tasty and plentiful, offering great value for money.
Budget Guesthouse – Rumi
A great budget-friendly option in Bukhara. This large family-run guesthouse includes a delicious breakfast and is well-located within a 5-minute walk of Lyabi-Hauz. Both dormitory and private rooms are available.
Best Things to Do in Bukhara
Unlike Samarkand and Khiva, Bukhara feels more raw and untouched, with a lively hustle and bustle. The city is filled with mosques, madrasas, and other architectural marvels that haven’t been heavily restored. As a major stop on the Silk Road, Bukhara has remnants of former caravanserais, bathhouses, and other historical sites near the old town.
There are many things to do in Bukhara; fortunately, most attractions are close to each other within the old town. We’ve highlighted the best things to see and do for your two-day Bukhara itinerary. While you can visit them all in one day, it might feel rushed. We recommend spreading them out over two days to enjoy the teahouse culture and shop at the old bazaars. Bukhara offers some of the best handmade souvenirs in the country. Scroll down for additional places to see outside of Historical Bukhara. All except the Chor Bakr Memorial Complex are within walking distance from Po-i-Kalyan, the heart of old Bukhara.
1. Explore the beautiful Po-i-Kalyan Complex
The Po-i-Kalyan complex is the historic jewel and icon of Bukhara. Located in the heart of the old town, you could spend hours at this Islamic religious complex admiring the beautiful courtyard and intricate tilework of the architecture here.
Since the 8th century BC, this square has been home to significant historical buildings. Some have been worn down by time, while others were destroyed by conquerors like Genghis Khan. The complex consists of four main monuments: the Kalyan Minaret, prominently in front when you enter; the Kalyan Mosque and Mir-i-Arab Madrasah, which flank the minaret; and the Amir-Allimkhan Madrasah to the south.
Kalyan Minaret
Standing at 46 meters, the Kalyan Minaret is the tallest in Central Asia. Erected in 1127 by the Karakhanids, this iconic symbol of the city is the only monument in the complex that hasn’t been restored. Legend has it that in the 13th century, Genghis Khan saw the minaret every day as he rode towards Bukhara. He was so impressed by it that when he besieged and destroyed the entire city, he spared this minaret.
Known as the ‘Tower of Death,’ the Kalyan Minaret was used for centuries to execute criminals by throwing them from the top. Although you can’t climb the staircase within the minaret today, it remains one of the top things to do in Bukhara.
TIP | The minaret serves as a great point of reference if you get lost in old Bukhara.
Kalyan Mosque
To the right of the Kalyan Minaret stands the Kalyan Mosque, which has served as Bukhara’s main mosque for 500 years. Built in the 15th century by the Shaybanids, it was once the second-largest mosque after the Bibi Khanym Mosque in Samarkand, hosting up to 12,000 people. Although it has been built and rebuilt over the centuries, the current structure dates back to the 16th century. The mosque features a vast inner courtyard with an impressive 288 domes and 208 pillars. Today, it remains in use and is one of the few places in Bukhara that hasn’t been overtaken by tourist stalls.
TIP | Dress modestly (covering up shoulders and knees) as this is a mosque.
Entrance Fee | 5,000 UZS (~$0,50) – valid for 2 days
Opening hours | From 8 am until 5 pm daily
Mir-i-Arab Madrasah
Directly facing the Kalyan Mosque is the Mir-i-Arab Madrasah, built in the 16th century during the Khanate of Bukhara. This Islamic school has two floors and features traditional Central Asian architecture, including glazed mosaics, calligraphy across the entrance, and numerous geometric patterns. Inside, there’s a mausoleum dedicated to Sheikh Abdullah Yamani of Yemen, the spiritual mentor of the Shaybanids. Today, the madrasah still functions as an Islamic college, nearly 500 years after its construction, so it can only be admired from the outside.
TIP | Visit again at sunset and nighttime to admire the stunning light show!
2. Visit the unusual Chor Minor Madrasah
Tucked away amidst Bukhara’s sprawling suburbs, the charming Chor Minor stands as one of the more unique things to do in Bukhara. This monument originally served as a gatehouse for a now-vanished madrasa, commissioned by a wealthy Bukharan. Its name, “Chor Minor,” translates to “four minarets,” highlighting the distinctive 4 blue-domed towers that grace each corner of the building. Each tower boasts its own unique shape and design, symbolizing the diversity of religions in Central Asia, including Christianity, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, and Islam. Intricate decorations on the towers feature motifs like a Buddhist prayer wheel and a Christian fish.
Despite their name, the towers of Chor Minor were not minarets; three were used for storage, while the fourth housed an internal staircase leading to the roof. Legend has it that the top floor once served as a library for the madrasa.
TIP | Inside, you’ll find a bustling souvenir stand. Visitors can ascend to the upper level for sweeping views of the city for a small fee.
Entrance Fee for accessing the roof | 4,000 UZS ($0.4)
Opening hours | Uncertain, as access depends on the presence of the keyholder.
3. Shop inside the Silk Road’s Trading Domes
We always enjoy bringing back a souvenir from our travels, especially something decorative. Bukhara stands out as the ultimate shopping destination in Uzbekistan for souvenir hunting! Everywhere you go in the Old Town, whether through a madrasah or along pedestrian-friendly streets, you’ll encounter exquisite handmade products. Bukhara’s historical prominence on the Silk Road and its history as a thriving trading center are evident today. Four well-preserved trading domes are still standing today: Toqi Telpak Furushon, Tim Abdulla Khan Trading Dome, Toqi Sarrofon Bazaar, and Toqi Zargaron Trading Dome.
Conveniently located along the popular route from Lyabi Khause to the Kalyan Mosque, these domes are unavoidable during your explorations of the city. Inside, you’ll discover a treasure trove of traditional suzanis (hand-embroidered textiles), jewelry, copperware, hand-forged knives, ceramics, and more. Bukhara is renowned for its craftsmanship!
TIP | Prices in the trading domes tend to be higher than elsewhere, so don’t hesitate to bargain. Aim for at least 30% off the original price. Remember, transactions are cash-only!
4. Walk through history at the Ark of Bukhara
One of the standout things to do in Bukhara is explore the Ark of Bukhara, a massive fortress built in the 5th century AD. As the oldest structure in the city, it remains a remarkable testament to Bukhara’s rich history. Over its long existence, the Ark has endured destruction and rebuilding multiple times. Notably destroyed by Genghis Khan in the 13th century and restored by the Shaybanids in the 16th century. This fortress was once a thriving city within its walls, housing royal palaces, governmental offices, and residences for high officials, serving as the seat of Bukhara’s emirs until the early 20th century.
Today, the Ark of Bukhara hosts several museums where visitors can immerse themselves in the city’s past. Inside, you can explore the Friday Mosque with its exquisite carved column heads and visit the former emirs’ living quarters. Climbing the fortress walls, towering up to 20 meters (66 feet), offers panoramic views of Bukhara below. The topmost part of the Ark, now mostly ruins with one intact structure, offers a poignant glimpse into its storied past.
The distinctive, bulbous outer walls of the Ark are iconic in Bukhara and make for excellent photo opportunities. We found the exterior of the fortress more intriguing to explore, as much of the interior lies in ruins from its turbulent history.
TIP | For an immersive experience, consider booking a full-day walking tour of Bukhara to discover the Ark and delve into its fascinating history!
Entrance Fee | 40.000 Soms ($3)
Opening hours | 8 am to 5 pm – closed on Wednesday
5. See the unique Bolo Hauz Mosque
This mosque is also known as the ‘40-Pillar Mosque’ as its ceiling is supported by 20 wooden pillars that reflect elegantly in the pond at the foot of the building, creating the illusion of 40 pillars. These wooden pillars are a true marvel, covered with intricate carvings and adorned with colorful muqarnas — ornate vaults typical in Islamic architecture. Located opposite the Ark Citadel, the complex includes a Friday mosque, a pond, and a minaret. Built in 1712, it served as a Friday mosque where the emir of Bukhara himself attended prayers to demonstrate his humility.
The pond in front of the mosque is quite significant, as ‘Bolo Hauz’ translates to ‘children’s pond.’ Due to historical water shortages, many ponds were constructed to provide drinking water, and this pond was one of them.
Good to Know: Today, the Bolo Hauz Mosque is still used for prayers. Women can enter with a covered head but only up to a certain point inside. It’s best to avoid visiting on Fridays, the holy day in Islam, as the mosque is not open to close-up visits.
6. Visit the oldest preserved Ulugbek Madrasah
Despite its unassuming appearance, this madrassah is one of the oldest in Central Asia. Built by Ulugh Beg, Timur’s grandson, it was completed in 1420. At that time, conservative Bukhara was the Islamic capital of Central Asia. Ulugh Beg, both a ruler and an accomplished astronomer, envisioned the city as a center for science and education.
He wanted to attract scientists and scholars from across the Muslim world, which is why he built this madrassah. At the entrance, you’ll find a carved inscription from the Koran: ‘The pursuit of knowledge is the responsibility of every Muslim man and woman’. This quote reflects Ulugh Beg’s life motto. Look closely, and you’ll also notice astral designs on the facade, highlighting the sultan’s passion for astronomy.
Today, the madrassah houses various tourist stalls. Although it has fallen into some disrepair, don’t let that stop you from visiting.
Entrance Fee | Free
Opening hours | 09.00 AM – 06.00 PM
7. Admire the colorful tilework of Abdulaziz Khan Madrasah
Among the most breathtaking things to do in Bukhara is visiting the Abdulaziz-Khan Madrasah, located directly across from the Ulugh Beg Madrasah. This stunning example of medieval Central Asian architecture has never been restored in its nine centuries. Inside, you can see cracks that have formed over the last 370 years.
The entrance facade is the highlight. Its colorful, intricate design is similar to those in Iran but even more elaborate. While the Ulugh Beg Madrasah is modest in size and design, the Abdulaziz-Khan Madrasah is adorned with ornate tiles and verses from famous poets. The decorations contrast sharply; Ulugh Beg features astral and geometrical designs, while Abdulaziz-Khan showcases bright, wavy, plant-like patterns. Many claim there’s a hidden Chinese dragon in the pattern, a nod to Bukhara’s rich Silk Road history. We tried to find it but had no luck!
Inside, you’ll find two beautifully decorated mosques. The winter mosque is in the western corner of the entrance hall, while the summer mosque is in the courtyard. You can also visit the former dormitories.
PHOTO SPOT TIP | The facade’s unique pinkish mosaic and wavy plant designs make it a beautiful photo spot in the early morning!
Entrance Fee | 13,000 UZS ($1)
Opening hours | 09.00 AM – 06.00 PM
8. Experience a traditional Silk Road teahouse
In Uzbekistan, tea traditions run deep, making tea the main drink in the country. In other words, you can’t leave the country without visiting a local teahouse. The chaikhana, or teahouse, holds a special place in Uzbek culture. It’s where people gather to drink tea, chat with friends, and unwind. Often, chaikhanas serve as the social hubs of small communities. They can be simple, with just a few tables under a shady tree, or more elaborate, set in picturesque spots with trees or vines spreading over a frame next to a pool of water. Green tea typically served without sugar, is the most popular Uzbek tea that locals enjoy drinking.
For a taste of true Bukharan hospitality and traditional spices once traded on the Silk Road, visit the Silk Road Tea House. Located in the heart of the historic center, this family-owned teahouse has been making tea and trading spices for over 600 years. Enjoy afternoon tea or coffee here for 70,000 UZS, which includes a selection of delicious Uzbek sweet treats.
Another great spot is Khalva Book Café. They offer a beautiful assortment of Uzbek desserts and a halva-tasting platter, perfect with afternoon tea! From their terrace, you can even enjoy views over the recent excavations of old bath ruins that were discovered.
9. Soak up the atmosphere at Lyabi Khause
Lyabi-Hauz is one of Bukhara’s top tourist attractions. This leafy oasis serves as a perfect resting spot due to its central location and relaxing atmosphere. Built in 1620, its name means “around the pool,” referring to the large pond in the middle of the square.
Up until a century ago, hundreds of stone pools dotted Bukhara. These pools were popular gathering spots where locals drank, washed, and socialized. Unfortunately, this led to many water-borne diseases. When the Soviets arrived, they drained most of the pools, leaving Lyabi-Hauz and the pond in front of Bolo Hauz as some of the few remaining today.
Lyabi-Hauz remains a central meeting place in town. It’s surrounded by quaint cafes, benches, and even a 1,400-year-old mulberry tree. It’s the perfect spot to relax when you’re tired of sightseeing, offering a place to sit back, sip on local wine, and watch the locals go about their day. You’ll likely pass through here multiple times during your visit. In the evening there is often live music, the pond’s fountains get turned on later at night and it’s always buzzing with people.
10. Attend an Uzbek Dance Performance Nadir Divan-Begi Madrassa
This madrassa, with its stunning mosaic-covered gate and spacious courtyard, is a true gem. Its facade showcases magnificent tilework, blending blue tiles with various patterns of florals, plants, and animals. Be sure to snap some photos during your visit and peek inside, as the Nadir Divan-Begi Madrassa is free to enter. Inside, you’ll find a beautiful courtyard lined with souvenir shops. The architecture is intriguing, resembling a caravanserai—a combination warehouse and hostel for traveling caravans. Evidence of this lies in the main entrance opening directly onto the courtyard, deviating from the usual architecture of a madrasah where a screen wall shields the interior courtyard from public view.
TIP | At night, don’t miss the Uzbek dance performance here. The show transports you into long-gone times with a combination of folk dances and a fashion show of Uzbek clothing. The performance starts at 7:30 PM, and tickets cost 80,000 UZS per person. For an additional 130,000 UZS, you can enjoy dinner with the show. Tickets are available for purchase 15 minutes before the show starts.
Entrance Fee | Free
Opening hours | 08.00 AM – 05.00 PM
11. Stop by Shavqat Boltaev Photo Gallery
In a former caravanserai opposite the Khoja Gaukushan complex, you’ll find a small private photo gallery that’s well worth a visit. The gallery is free to enter and features striking imagery by local photographer Shavkat Boltaev, offering a glimpse into daily Uzbek life. You can purchase prints and postcards inside, a great way to support the gallery. Besides the photo gallery, there are locals hanging out and more artists showcasing their paintings, adding to the charm of this historical site.
The old caravanserai itself is fascinating, showcasing its historical importance in Bukhara. Caravanserais were resting places along trade routes in the Middle East and Central Asia, crucial for merchants and travelers. They provided shelter, food, water, and facilities for animals, making them important economic and social hubs. People from different cultures converged here, exchanging goods and ideas, and sometimes enjoying entertainment and performances. Bukhara’s caravanserai retains traditional features like a large enclosed courtyard surrounded by buildings that once served as guest rooms and stables.
12. Enjoy local cuisine inside an old Madrasah
Once an old madrasah, now transformed into the lively and beautiful Mavrigi Restaurant. Set within a traditional building’s courtyard adorned with tapestries, the restaurant features a central, sprawling tree surrounded by cozy seating for guests. The ambiance is enhanced with evening live music, including a singer who impressed us so much on our first visit that we initially mistook him for lip-syncing.
Moreover, the food at Mavrigi Restaurant is exceptional and offered at very reasonable prices. We highly recommend trying the Uzbek spice tea, among the best we’ve had on our journey. It’s advisable to visit during the day to secure reservations, as the restaurant can often be fully booked.
13. Pass by the serene Khoja Gaukushan Ensemble
The Khoja Gaukushan Ensemble is situated in a tranquil corner of the old town. As not many people seem to be passing through here, the area offers a serene atmosphere. The ensemble was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and holds a unique historical narrative. Originally translated as the ‘Killing Bulls’, the complex used to be a former animal trading area since 1570. The complex encompasses a madrassah, mosque, minaret, and a pond currently undergoing restoration. So currently you can’t visit any of the buildings inside, but you can enjoy the serenity around the square. The minaret, second only to the Kaylan Minaret in height, is believed to have drawn inspiration from it.
Across from this historic site, you can find the formerly mentioned charming Mavrigri Restaurant – Chicha Bar, renowned for its authentic Uzbek interior.
If you have more time in Bukhara, Uzbekistan
The following activities might not appeal to everyone and can be skipped if time is limited. One such activity we opted out of and didn’t include in our Uzbekistan itinerary is the traditional hammam massage. While often recommended as a must-do in Bukhara, we found mixed reviews regarding hygiene and overall experience, prompting us to skip it altogether.
Marvel at the Chor Bakr Memorial Complex
Many tourists skip the Chor Bakr Memorial Complex due to its slightly remote location, about a 20-minute drive from Bukhara. However, if you have some extra time, this large memorial complex is definitely worth a visit! We really enjoyed this place since there was practically nobody there.
Dating back to the 16th century, Chor Bakr Memorial Complex is also known as the ‘Town of the Dead’. It’s believed to be built over the burial site of Abu-Bakr-Said, one of the four descendants of the Prophet Muhammad. Unsurprisingly, it became an important religious site during the 16th century, with many pilgrims attending ceremonies until the Soviet regime outlawed it in the 20th century. After the fall of the Soviet Union, the Chor Bakr Memorial Complex, along with Shah-i-Zinda, became one of the most important pilgrimage sites for Uzbek Muslims.
Today, walking around the compound, you can see numerous mausoleums, an orchard with roses and grapevines, a minaret meant to resemble the Kalyan Minaret, and at the center of the necropolis — a mosque and madrasah. The whole complex is divided by small lanes and mulberry trees, making it quite a special place to wander around.
How to get to Chor Bakr Memorial Complex
Since the complex is located 20 minutes out of town, we took a Yandex taxi. No need to ask them to wait for you, as there are always others around. We did notice some small groups arriving with a guide, which might be interesting to learn more about the place. We found this interesting guided private tour that takes you to several places along the countryside of Bukhara, including the Chor Bakr Memorial Complex.
Entrance Fee | 15.000 SUM + 5000 SUM to take photos
Opening hours | Monday-Friday, from 8 am to 5.30 pm – During the weekend from 8 am until 6 pm.
Peek Into The House Of Fayzulla Khodjaev
We stumbled upon this place while browsing Google Maps since it’s rarely mentioned in blog posts. With extra time on our last day, we decided to visit and were pleasantly surprised! The house of Fayzulla Khodjaev is definitely worth a visit if you have some time left and still crave more Uzbek architecture. Just a heads-up — it’s not very popular among tourists but beloved by locals for wedding photoshoots.
The house is absolutely gorgeous, with a main courtyard boasting a magnificent facade. If you want to see how wealthy merchants in Bukhara lived in the 19th century, the Khojaev House museum is a must-visit.
Fayzulla Khodjaev was a fascinating political figure in Bukhara at the beginning of the 20th century. He led the Muslim Modernist Reformers known as Jadids, supported the arts, fought for equal rights, and promoted democracy. After returning home in 1913 from his education in Russia, Khodjaev and his Jadid followers protested against the cruel rule of the Emir, calling for a new constitution and reforms to improve the lives of people in the Bukhara area. Sadly, he was executed in 1937 by rulers who wanted to reclaim power.
The museum, created in his family home, commemorates this inspirational freedom fighter. It offers an interesting glimpse into how the rich lived during that time in Bukhara.
Entrance Fee | 30.000 SOM (~$2,5)
Opening hours | 9 am to 6 pm daily
View the ark from Bukhara’s Observation Deck
If you want a better view of the Ark from a higher vantage point, head to Buxoro’s observation deck across the street! The observation tower in Bukhara is an old, decommissioned water tower from 1927. It stands tall over the Ark of Bukhara and is perfect for catching the sunset. A small elevator will zoom you to the top, where you can enjoy the stunning views.
Entrance Fee | A ticket to get to the top will cost 50,000 UZS ($3.50)
Opening hours | 8 am to 10 pm daily
Walk to Ismail Samani Mausoleum
Also known as the Samanid Mausoleum, is one of Bukhara’s architectural masterpieces from the Samanid dynasty. It serves as the final resting place of Ismail Samani, a powerful emir of the Samanid dynasty. Located inside a park, it makes for a pleasant 30-minute stroll from the city center.
Built in the 10th century, this mausoleum offers a rare glimpse into the funerary architecture of the Islamic world. Its history is fascinating—it remained undiscovered for nearly a thousand years. It even survived Genghis Khan’s invasion because landslides and floods buried it in mud and sand. Soviet researchers finally discovered it in 1934. Today, the mausoleum is a peaceful place to visit, offering a serene contrast to the bustling city center.
Entrance Fee | 10,000 som ($0.70 USD)
Opening hours | Open 24/7
How to get to Bukhara in Uzbekistan?
The easiest way to travel around Uzbekistan is by railway, particularly by high-speed train or Afrosiyob. Although tickets are a bit more expensive than regular trains or buses, they are well worth it if you don’t want to waste time on your trip. Alternatively, you can check bus schedules and book your bus tickets online, travel by shared taxi, or rent a car. You’ll arrive at the main train station in Bukhara, located in the newer part of the city (Kagan). From there, a Yandex taxi ride to the old town takes about 20 minutes and costs no more than 20,000 UZS.
TIP | During high season, it’s advisable to book your train tickets online in advance. On the day of departure, arrive at the train station one hour in advance. There might be long queues at the entrance, especially in Tashkent, where your luggage and passport will be checked. You will need to show your passport, so don’t put it too far away!
How to Get from Tashkent to Bukhara
By Train | The direct high-speed Afrosiyob train from Tashkent to Bukhara runs multiple times a day. The journey takes around 4 hours and costs around $30 USD. For a regular train, expect a 6-7 hour ride at a cost of around $14. Purchase your ticket online in advance.
By Bus | Several buses travel daily from Tashkent to Bukhara. Tickets cost around $10, but the ride takes more than 9 hours. You can check the timetables and get your tickets online in advance.
How to Get from Samarkand to Bukhara
By Train | Multiple trains run daily between Samarkand and Bukhara. You can choose the high-speed Afrosiyob train (1h40) or the slower train (up to 4h30). Prices range from $10 to $20, depending on the type of train and class of the ticket (first, second, or third). Check the timetables and purchase your tickets online in advance.
By Bus | Buses run every 1-2 hours and take around 4.5 hours to get from Samarkand to Bukhara. Tickets cost around $10. Check the timetables and get your tickets online in advance.
How to Get from Khiva to Bukhara
By Train | In recent years, a direct train from Khiva to Bukhara, passing through Urgench, has been established. These are mostly sleeper trains and take around 7 hours. Prices range from $10 for a bed in communal train wagons to $15 for a private coupe. Trains don’t always run daily, so make sure to check online in advance.
Practical Travel Resources
TRANSPORTATION | The easiest way to travel around Uzbekistan is by railway. For hassle-free bookings, we recommend using the user-friendly platform 12go.Asia. Skip the queues and reserve your tickets in advance, especially during peak seasons.
ACCOMMODATION | Booking affordable accommodations in Uzbekistan is effortless with Booking.com. This platform is perfect for discovering budget-friendly hostels, guesthouses, and hotels tailored to your preferences.
FLIGHTS | Discover the best flight deals to Uzbekistan on Skyscanner. Benefit from their feature highlighting the cheapest days to fly and check for flights to different cities.
TRAVEL INSURANCE | Ensure comprehensive and reliable coverage for your backpacking journey in Uzbekistan with Heymondo. Prioritize peace of mind with their trustworthy travel insurance options. Get 5% OFF through our link.
STAY CONNECTED | Guarantee reliable internet access throughout your Uzbekistan trip by using Airalo. Install it on your eSIM-compatible smartphone before your journey for convenient connectivity. Use promo code NEWTOAIRALO15 for 15% off any eSIM (for new Airalo users only).
TOURS & ATTRACTIONS | Explore the best city tours, day excursions, and cooking classes in Uzbekistan with GetYourGuide or Viator.
VISA ORGANIZATION | Uzbekistan introduced FREE VISAS ON ARRIVAL or e-visa for most nationalities (30 days). Make sure to check the visa requirements on ivisa.com for your nationality before you go.
ONLINE PRIVACY | Always safeguard your online activity and digital privacy when using public Wi-Fi abroad by using a VPN. We’ve trusted ExpressVPN for years! Plus, a VPN lets you stream Netflix shows from any country. Get 3 months FREE now when getting a 12-month plan with our link.
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Hi both,
Really enjoyed all your blog posts during our Uzbekistan trip – shoutout to your fantastic content!
Just a note on Bukhara: While visiting during the last 2 days we figured out that Khalva Cafe is permanently closed. Now there are a couple of souvenir shops at the location :/
Keep up the good work!
Hi there! Thank you so much for your kind words, really appreciate it! 😀 Thank you for mentioning that, that’s a pity, will adapt it. Like the city needed even more souvenir shops haha.